HUD would drop the rule behind neutral covenants
HUD would drop the rule behind neutral covenants
2026-09-15 · Pennsylvania · Regulation · Pending — not yet law
What would happen. HUD would remove regulatory provisions imposing disparate-impact liability — the framework under which facially neutral rules, including association rules, have been challenged for their discriminatory effects. This is a proposal, not a rule. The supplemental notice was published on 10 August 2026 and comments are due by 9 October 2026.1
The rulemaking
91 FR 51416, document 2026-16228, RIN 2529-AB09, Docket No. FR-6540-P-02. The action is a "Supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking." From the abstract:
"HUD published a notice of proposed rulemaking in January of 2026 that proposed to remove HUD's disparate-impact regulations and leave interpretation of disparate-impact liability under the Fair Housing Act to the courts. This supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking continues HUD's efforts to remove or revise regulations that prohibit conduct having a disparate impact without evidence of discriminatory intent. Through this rule, HUD is proposing to remove provisions in HUD's Title VI implementing regulations that impose disparate-impact liability on recipients of HUD Federal financial assistance… This rule reopens the public comment period of HUD's January 2026 proposed rule on disparate-impact liability; HUD will only consider comments on topics related to this supplemental notice…"1
Why disparate impact matters to an association
Because association rules are, almost by definition, facially neutral. A rule does not say who it applies to differently; it says how many people may occupy a unit, or whether units may be leased, or how many vehicles may be parked, or what may be displayed.
Disparate-impact analysis is the framework under which such a rule can be challenged on the basis of its effect rather than its wording or its drafters' intent. Occupancy limits, leasing restrictions, and rules bearing unevenly on families with children or on people with disabilities are the recurring examples.
The Pennsylvania point, and it is the important one
A Pennsylvania association's fair-housing obligations do not move when HUD's regulations move.
The Pennsylvania Human Relations Act is a state statute, enforced independently by the Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission, and it contains the Commonwealth's housing-accommodation provisions. Its regulations at 16 Pa. Code Chapter 45 were not amended in 2025 or 2026. HUD's rulemaking does not touch it.
And Pennsylvania's fair-housing obligations have recently become broader, not narrower. Act 54 of 2025, effective 24 January 2026, amended the PHRA's definitions section so that "race" now includes "traits historically associated with the individual's race, including hair texture and protective hairstyles," and "religious creed" includes "head coverings and hairstyles historically associated with religious creeds."2
So the accurate picture for a Pennsylvania board is two things moving in opposite directions: a federal regulatory framework being narrowed, and a state statutory definition being widened. A board reading national commentary about federal retrenchment and concluding its own exposure has fallen has it backwards.
What a removal would and would not do
This is where over-reading is easiest, so it is worth being careful.
It would not repeal the Fair Housing Act. The statute is unchanged. HUD's January 2026 proposal was to remove HUD's regulations and "leave interpretation of disparate-impact liability under the Fair Housing Act to the courts." Whether and how disparate-impact claims proceed would then be a matter of judicial interpretation rather than of a HUD regulation.
It would not affect intentional discrimination. A rule adopted or enforced with discriminatory intent is actionable regardless.
It would not affect reasonable accommodation. The duty to make reasonable accommodations for people with disabilities — the assistance-animal question, the accessible-parking question, the modification question — rests on different provisions and is not what this rulemaking addresses.
It would not reach state law. As above.
The date, and what to do about it
Comments close on 9 October 2026. That is three and a half weeks away and it is the only currently open federal rulemaking in this area on which anyone can be heard. HUD has said it will consider only comments on topics related to the supplemental notice, so a comment should engage with what the supplemental notice actually proposes — the removal of disparate-impact provisions from the Title VI implementing regulations — rather than with the subject generally.
For an association board, the honest assessment is that commenting is optional and probably not the best use of a volunteer's evening. For Pennsylvania's community-association trade bodies and management companies, whose members are the entities that write and enforce the rules in question, it is a live opportunity that closes in October.
Where that leaves a board
Nothing that depends on the outcome. The rules most exposed to a disparate-impact challenge are exposed for reasons that have not changed and will not change: occupancy limits stricter than the community's building configuration justifies, leasing restrictions applied unevenly, and amenity rules enforced selectively.
Selective enforcement is the recurring theme in every part of this beat — it is what defeats an association in a design-control case, in a fining dispute, and in a fair-housing complaint alike. A board that enforces its rules consistently and can document that it does is in a reasonable position under any version of these regulations. A board that cannot is exposed under all of them, and under the PHRA regardless of what HUD does.
What to watch next
Whether HUD proceeds to a final rule, and on what terms. Nothing is final yet: the January 2026 proposal and this August supplemental notice are both proposals, and the comment period is open. A final rule, if it comes, would then face the ordinary prospect of litigation.
The more consequential development for Pennsylvania associations is at the state level, where the PHRC's 2025 report on fair housing in the Commonwealth is the clearest available signal of the Commission's priorities — and the Commission, not HUD, is the body a Pennsylvania owner's housing complaint most often reaches.
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