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Florida rebuilt the interested-director contract test — and moved the burden onto the owner who complains

Florida rebuilt the interested-director contract test — and moved the burden onto the owner who complains
Florida · Legislation

Florida rebuilt the interested-director contract test — and moved the burden onto the owner who complains

What happened. The rule that decides whether a Florida association's contract with an interested director is voidable was rewritten, effective 1 July 2026. Chapter 2026-168 substantially reworded s. 617.0832, and reenacted both s. 718.3027 and s. 720.3033 to pull the new test into condominium and homeowners' association law.1

A defined standard where there was a general one

The rewritten section defines a “director's conflict of interest transaction” and, for the first time, defines what it means for one to be fair to the corporation: that the transaction “as a whole, is beneficial to the corporation and its members,” considering the fairness of the dealings and whether the transaction is “comparable to what might have been obtainable in an arm's length transaction.”

Where a transaction is fair when authorised, the statute now says plainly that it “is not void or voidable” and “is not grounds for any equitable relief, an award of damages, or other sanctions.”

The burden shift

This is the operative change. Under subsection (3)(a), the “person challenging the validity… has the burden of proving the lack of fairness” — but only if two conditions were met at the time:

  • the material facts and the director's interest were disclosed; and
  • the transaction was approved either by a majority of qualified directors — and the statute adds that “the transaction may not be authorized… solely by a single director” — or by a majority of disinterested member votes.

Do the disclosure and the qualified vote properly, and the complaining owner must prove unfairness. Skip either, and the association is defending the transaction on its merits.

A narrower definition for associations specifically

The act also creates s. 617.0143, defining “material interest” — and narrowing it for community associations. For a corporation regulated by Chapter 718, 719, 720, 721 or 723, “a ‘material interest’ is limited to familial, financial, professional, or employment interests.”

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Why this reaches homeowners' associations directly

Section 720.3033(2)(a) requires an HOA board to “comply with the requirements of s. 617.0832,” and (b) requires those disclosures to be entered “into the written minutes of the meeting.” Because the underlying section was rewritten, the compliance script changed on 1 July 2026 even though Chapter 720's own text did not.

One thing did not change and should not be lost in the rewrite: the HOA kickback offence in s. 720.3033(3) is untouched, and it still carries the narrow safe harbour for a business meal or item of nominal value not exceeding $25 per person.

The procedure that now protects the association

For the common cases — a landscaping contract with a company a director owns, a management contract with a board member's firm, a roofing bid from a director's brother-in-law — the sequence that earns the burden shift is specific:

  1. Disclose the material facts and the interest before the discussion, not after the vote. Written disclosure is the practical standard because s. 720.3033(2)(b) requires it in the minutes.
  2. Identify who is qualified to vote. The interested director is not, and the statute forecloses authorisation by a single director acting alone — which is a real constraint on a small board where several members are conflicted.
  3. If the board cannot muster a majority of qualified directors, go to the members for a majority of disinterested votes.
  4. Record the arm's-length comparison. The new definition of fairness is comparative. Competing bids, market quotes or a written rationale are the evidence that answers it. Where a board obtains none, it has nothing to meet a challenge with even though the burden sits elsewhere.
  5. Minute all of it. The minutes are what a court and an owner will read years later.

How this interacts with the manager conflict rules

Directors are not the only conflicted party in a typical association, and the two regimes have different triggers. Section 468.4335 creates a rebuttable presumption of a manager conflict where, without prior notice to the board, the manager or firm proposes or enters a non-management contract with the association, or “holds an interest in or receives compensation from” a provider doing business with it — with “compensation” defined to capture referral fees, ownership interests and profit-sharing arrangements.

Where the association considers a bid exceeding $2,500 that is or may reasonably be construed to be such a conflict, “the association must solicit multiple bids from other third-party providers.” That is a lower and more mechanical trigger than the director test, and it is the one most likely to be tripped in ordinary operations.

Separately, s. 718.3026(1) requires competitive bids on contracts exceeding five percent of the association's budget — and DBPR's pending citation rule proposes a penalty line item for failing to obtain them.

A new enforcement backdrop that changes the stakes

Two things arrived alongside this rewrite that make conflict discipline more consequential than it was.

First, the Division's post-turnover jurisdiction was expanded in 2025 to reach conflicts of interest “including kickbacks,” board member education, removal of a director or officer, and the fidelity-bond requirement. Condominium complaints to DBPR rose from 1,464 in FY 2020/21 to 3,863 in FY 2024/25 — a 164 percent increase — and the 2025-2026 General Appropriations Act funded ten new investigator positions.2

Second, a proposed rule published on 31 July 2026 would give the Division citation authority with a minimum penalty of “$500, whichever amount is greater” and “a penalty range of $10 to $30 per unit… for each violation” — with new line items for failure to properly disclose a conflict of interest and failure to recuse. An undisputed citation “shall become a final order of the division” after 30 days. That rule is proposed, not adopted, and has no effective date.3

What to watch next

Watch Rule 61B-21.0026 for adoption — it is the mechanism that would turn a conflict-disclosure failure from a litigation risk into an administrative penalty assessed per unit. And note that HB 657, which died in Senate Rules, would have gone further still for HOAs: a new s. 720.303(11) requiring written disclosure before discussion, barring participation, making the transaction voidable absent member approval, and providing that the subsection “may not be waived or limited by the governing documents.” That last clause has no equivalent in current law.

Related Florida HOA Topics

← All Florida HOA Topics

  1. Chapter 2026-168, Laws of Florida — §§ 11, 51, 186, 187 (ss. 617.0143, 617.0832, 718.3027, 720.3033)
  2. Division of Florida Condominiums, Timeshares and Mobile Homes — complaint volumes and jurisdiction, DBPR
  3. Notice of Proposed Rule, Rules 61B-21.001–.003 and new 61B-21.0026, published 31 July 2026 (Vol. 52/148)

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