1. Introduction

North Dakota regulates condominium communities under the North Dakota Condominium Ownership of Real Property Act, N.D. Cent. Code ch. 47-04.1, which defines condominiums, units, condominium projects, common areas, and recorded declarations.¹ For non-condominium planned communities, the official Century Code identifies no separate planned-community governance act, and nonprofit associations organized as nonprofit corporations look to N.D. Cent. Code ch. 10-33 for entity-law rules.^2,3 North Dakota's current real-property transfer statute separately requires seller disclosures for property subject to homeowners' association or condominium-project rules.⁴

Civil appeals sit under Supreme Court appellate jurisdiction, while a temporary Court of Appeals may hear only cases assigned by the Supreme Court and remains part of a single appeal process subject to Supreme Court review.^5,6 State sources identify real estate-licensing oversight by the North Dakota Real Estate Commission, not a dedicated HOA regulator.⁷

Recent HOA activity runs narrow, with one enacted 2025 resale-disclosure bill, one failed 2025 board-governance bill, and Supreme Court opinions focused on covenants, waiver, planned-unit development, and architectural approvals.^8,9,10,11 Within the U.S. common-interest framework, North Dakota sits on the lighter statutory end, with emphasis on recorded documents, entity law, resale disclosure, and court enforcement.¹²

2. Primary statute and key resources

• North Dakota Condominium Ownership of Real Property Act, N.D. Cent. Code ch. 47-04.1. Governs condominiums, units, projects, common areas, and recorded declarations.¹³
• North Dakota Nonprofit Corporations Act, N.D. Cent. Code ch. 10-33. Applies when an association incorporates as a nonprofit.¹⁴
• North Dakota appellate structure, N.D. Cent. Code chs. 27-02 and 27-02.1. Appeals remain under Supreme Court jurisdiction, with temporary Court of Appeals assignment by the Supreme Court.^15,16
• North Dakota Real Estate Commission. Licenses and regulates real estate agencies, brokers, broker associates, and sales agents.¹⁷
• North Dakota Attorney General, Consumer Protection Division. Accepts and screens consumer complaints from North Dakota residents or disputes involving North Dakota businesses.¹⁸

Footnotes

1. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code ch. 47-04.1, Condominium Ownership of Real Property ↩
2. North Dakota Legislative Branch, North Dakota Century Code official index ↩
3. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code ch. 10-33, Nonprofit Corporations ↩
4. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code § 47-10-02.3, Required disclosures, Seller to provide ↩
5. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code ch. 27-02, Supreme Court ↩
6. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code ch. 27-02.1, Temporary Court of Appeals ↩
7. North Dakota Real Estate Commission, About Us ↩
8. North Dakota Legislative Branch, 2025 Regular Session, Signed by Governor, SB 2229 ↩
9. North Dakota Senate Journal, 69th Legislative Assembly, 33rd Day, SB 2394 failed ↩
10. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, June 18, 2025, Carpenter v. Southbay Homeowners Association, 2025 ND 114 ↩
11. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, Sept. 28, 2023, Berger, et al. v. Sellers, et al., 2023 ND 171 ↩
12. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code ch. 47-10, Real Property Transfers ↩
13. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code ch. 47-04.1, Condominium Ownership of Real Property ↩
14. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code ch. 10-33, Nonprofit Corporations ↩
15. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code ch. 27-02, Supreme Court ↩
16. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code ch. 27-02.1, Temporary Court of Appeals ↩
17. North Dakota Real Estate Commission, About Us ↩
18. North Dakota Attorney General, Consumer Complaints ↩
19. North Dakota Legislative Branch, 2025 Regular Session, Signed by Governor, SB 2229 ↩
20. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code § 47-10-02.3, Required disclosures, Seller to provide ↩
21. North Dakota Legislative Branch, General Information, Effective Dates of Legislation ↩
22. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code § 47-10-02.3, Required disclosures, Seller to provide ↩
23. North Dakota Legislative Branch, SB 2229, 25.0597.04000, enrolled bill text ↩
24. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code § 47-10-02.3, required disclosure categories ↩
25. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code § 47-10-02.3, ten-day document response requirement ↩
26. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code § 47-10-02.3, voidability and disclosure timing ↩
27. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code § 47-10-02.3, buyer liability limitation ↩
28. North Dakota Legislative Branch, SB 2394, 25.1130.01000, introduced bill text ↩
29. North Dakota Senate Journal, 69th Legislative Assembly, 33rd Day, SB 2394 vote and failure ↩
30. North Dakota Senate Journal, 69th Legislative Assembly, 33rd Day, SB 2394 failed ↩
31. North Dakota Senate Journal, 69th Legislative Assembly, 33rd Day, SB 2394 failed ↩
32. North Dakota Legislative Branch, SB 2394, association community bylaws and board of directors ↩
33. North Dakota Senate Journal, 69th Legislative Assembly, 33rd Day, SB 2394 failed ↩
34. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code ch. 10-33, Nonprofit Corporations ↩
35. North Dakota Senate Journal, 69th Legislative Assembly, 33rd Day, SB 2394 failed ↩
36. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, June 18, 2025, Carpenter v. Southbay Homeowners Association, 2025 ND 114 ↩
37. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, June 18, 2025, Carpenter v. Southbay Homeowners Association, 2025 ND 114 ↩
38. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, June 18, 2025, Carpenter v. Southbay Homeowners Association, 2025 ND 114 ↩
39. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, June 18, 2025, Carpenter v. Southbay Homeowners Association, 2025 ND 114 ↩
40. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, June 18, 2025, Carpenter v. Southbay Homeowners Association, 2025 ND 114 ↩
41. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, June 18, 2025, Carpenter v. Southbay Homeowners Association, 2025 ND 114 ↩
42. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, Sept. 28, 2023, Berger, et al. v. Sellers, et al., 2023 ND 171 ↩
43. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, Sept. 28, 2023, Berger, et al. v. Sellers, et al., 2023 ND 171 ↩
44. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, Sept. 28, 2023, Berger, et al. v. Sellers, et al., 2023 ND 171 ↩
45. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, Sept. 28, 2023, Berger, et al. v. Sellers, et al., 2023 ND 171 ↩
46. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, Sept. 28, 2023, Berger, et al. v. Sellers, et al., 2023 ND 171 ↩
47. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, Sept. 28, 2023, Berger, et al. v. Sellers, et al., 2023 ND 171 ↩
48. North Dakota Court System, New Opinions, Sept. 28, 2023, Berger, et al. v. Sellers, et al., 2023 ND 171 ↩
49. North Dakota Real Estate Commission, About Us ↩
50. North Dakota Attorney General, Consumer Complaints ↩
51. North Dakota Real Estate Commission, About Us ↩
52. North Dakota Attorney General, Consumer Complaints ↩
53. North Dakota Real Estate Commission, About Us ↩
54. North Dakota Attorney General, Consumer Complaints ↩
55. North Dakota Real Estate Commission, About Us ↩
56. North Dakota Attorney General, Consumer Complaints ↩
57. North Dakota Attorney General, Consumer Complaints ↩
58. North Dakota Legislative Branch, 2025 Regular Session, Signed by Governor, SB 2229 ↩
59. North Dakota Senate Journal, 69th Legislative Assembly, 33rd Day, SB 2394 failed ↩
60. North Dakota Legislative Branch, N.D. Cent. Code § 47-10-02.3, required association and condominium-project disclosures ↩
61. North Dakota Legislative Branch, SB 2394, association community bylaws and board of directors ↩
62. North Dakota Legislative Branch, 2025 Regular Session, Signed by Governor ↩
63. U.S. Department of Justice, The Fair Housing Act ↩
64. ADA.gov, Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended ↩
65. Federal Trade Commission, Fair Debt Collection Practices Act ↩
66. U.S. Department of Justice, Servicemembers and Veterans Initiative, Resources, SCRA materials ↩
67. Federal Communications Commission, Over-the-Air Reception Devices Rule ↩