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Arizona HOA boards cannot vote in executive session, and the ruling is now final

Arizona HOA boards cannot vote in executive session, and the ruling is now final
Arizona · Courts

Arizona HOA boards cannot vote in executive session, and the ruling is now final

The Arizona Supreme Court declined on September 8, 2026 to review a decision holding that a planned community board may discuss matters privately but must vote in the open. The denial makes A Z N H Revocable Trust v. Sunland Springs Village Homeowners Association final and binding on Arizona associations.1

Division One of the Court of Appeals issued the published opinion on April 28, 2026. The Supreme Court's order, entered as docket entry 8 in CV-26-0167-PR, reads simply that the petition for review is denied.2

What the board had been doing

The facts are unusually concrete for a statutory-construction case, and they explain why the dispute was worth taking to the Supreme Court. In its closed meetings, the Sunland Springs board had, among other things:

  • approved a $917,000 budget item;
  • granted the community manager up to $7,000 in discretionary spending authority;
  • addressed 13 waivers of the community's minimum age requirement for residents; and
  • authorized foreclosures against two homeowners.

For notice, the association supplied members the date, time and place of closed meetings and quoted the language of A.R.S. § 33-1804(A). A homeowner filed a declaratory judgment action in December 2023.

The holding on voting

Section 33-1804(A) allows a portion of a meeting to be closed if the closed portion is “limited to consideration of” seven listed subjects. The association argued that consideration includes deciding.

The court's answer turned on a different sentence of the same subsection — the one requiring a board to let a member speak “once after the board has discussed a specific agenda item but before the board takes formal action on that item.” As the opinion puts it, if § 33-1804(A) allowed associations to vote in a closed meeting, “then a member could not speak after discussion but before formal action on a closed-meeting agenda item. We cannot adopt an interpretation that renders statutory language a nullity.”

Consideration, in other words, is deliberation. Action belongs in the open meeting.

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The second holding, on agendas

The less-quoted half of the decision may cost associations more work. The court held that a closed-meeting agenda must actually describe what the board will address.

To comply with Section 33-1804, a meeting agenda must provide information that reasonably advises association members about the items being addressed at a meeting, even a closed meeting.

The court was careful about the limits of that duty: § 33-1804(F) “does not require associations to reveal any personally identifying information or attorney-client privileged information discussed in closed meetings.” But an agenda has to contain more than a bare citation to the statutory paragraph the board is relying on to close the session.

The distinction the opinion draws is between notices and agendas. A notice of a closed meeting need carry only date, time and place. An agenda has to advise members of the subject matter — described generically enough to protect privilege and privacy, specifically enough to tell a member whether the board is about to deal with something that concerns them.

What it changes for boards and managers

Two documents, two standards. Associations that have been issuing a combined notice-and-agenda quoting § 33-1804(A) need to separate the functions. “Executive session pursuant to A.R.S. § 33-1804(A)(1)” is a compliant notice and, after this decision, not a compliant agenda.

The open agenda has to anticipate the closed discussion. If the vote must happen in the open portion, it must be noticed there, which means the board has to know before the closed session what it may decide. Boards that treat executive session as open-ended will either decide nothing or decide something unnoticed.

Delegated spending authority is a decision. Granting a manager a discretionary spending limit was one of the acts the court identified. Authority granted in closed session, on this reasoning, is action.

Foreclosure authorizations move into the open. Boards understandably prefer to authorize collection escalation privately. The record of the authorizing vote now belongs in the open minutes; the deliberation, and any legal advice behind it, does not.

How this sits with the new statute

Four days after the review denial, on September 12, 2026, SB 1290 takes effect and amends § 33-1804(A) to read “limited to consideration without action of” the same seven subjects. The legislature has written into the text what the court derived from its structure.

The overlap matters in one practical respect. Because Sunland Springs construes the statute as it already stood, the no-voting rule is not confined to conduct on or after September 12. The amendment removes any argument about the statute's meaning going forward; the decision addresses what it always meant.

Both reach planned communities only. A.R.S. § 33-1248, the condominium open-meeting statute, was not before the court and was not amended.

What to watch next

The consequence of a bad vote. Section 33-1804 carries no express remedy. Whether an action taken in closed session is void, voidable, or merely a violation that must be cured by re-voting in the open is not settled, and the opinion — which affirmed in part, reversed in part and remanded — did not have to resolve it.

How specific an agenda must be. “Reasonably advises” is a standard, not a rule. Personnel and litigation items are where the privacy carve-out and the specificity duty press hardest against each other.

Whether condominiums are brought into line. The gap between §§ 33-1804 and 33-1248 is now visible from two directions at once.

Related Arizona HOA Topics

← All Arizona HOA Topics

  1. A Z N H Revocable Trust v. Sunland Springs Village HOA, 1 CA-CV 25-0424 (Ariz. App. Div. One, Apr. 28, 2026) — published opinion
  2. Arizona Supreme Court docket, CV-26-0167-PR — petition for review denied September 8, 2026
  3. A.R.S. § 33-1804, Open meetings; exceptions; notice; agenda
  4. SB 1290, Chapter 222, Laws 2026 — the “without action” amendment, effective September 12, 2026

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